Ccent ccna icnd1 pdf download google drive

And you must be ready to troubleshoot problems when the network does not work correctly. The more challenging questions on these exams work a lot like a jigsaw puzzle, but with four out of every five puzzle pieces not even in the room. To solve the puzzle, you have to mentally re-create the missing pieces. To do that, you must know each networking concept and remember how the concepts work together.

For instance, the ICND1 exam includes many troubleshooting topics. A simple question might ask you why a host cannot communicate with some server. The question would sup- ply some of the information, like some pieces of the jigsaw puzzle, as represented with the white pieces in Figure 1. You have to apply your knowledge of IPv4 routing, IP addressing, and Ethernet LAN switching to the scenario in the question to come up with some of the other pieces of the puzzle.

For a given question, some pieces of the puzzle may remain a mystery, but with enough of the puzzle filled in, you should be able to answer the question. And some pieces will just remain unknown for a given question. These skills require that you prepare by doing more than just reading and memorizing what you read.

Of course, you need to read many pages in this book to learn many individual facts and how these facts relate to each other. But a big part of this book lists exercises beyond reading, exercises that help you build the skills to solve these networking puzzles. So, what do you need to do to be ready to pass, beyond reading and remembering all the facts?

You need to develop skills. You need to mentally link each idea with other related ideas. Doing that requires additional work. To help you along the way, the next few pages give you five key planning steps to take so that you can more effectively build those skills and make those connections, before you dive into this exciting but challenging world of learning network- ing on Cisco gear. Step 1: Think in Terms of Parts and Chapters The first step in your study plan is to get the right mindset about the size and nature of the task you have set out to accomplish.

This is a large book. So you cannot think about the book as one huge task or you might get discouraged. Besides, you never sit down to read pages in one study session.

So break the task down into smaller tasks. The good news here is that the book is designed with obvious breakpoints and built-in extensive review activities.

In short, the book is more of a study system than a book. So the first step in your study plan is to visualize the book not as one large book, but as 9 parts. Then, within each part, visualize an average of 4 chapters.

Your study plan has you working through the chapters in each part, and then reviewing the material in that part before moving on, as shown in Figure 2. Step 2: Build Your Study Habits Around the Chapter For your second step, possibly the most important step, approach each chapter with the same process: read it, and then study the chapter before moving on. Each chapter follows the same design with three parts, as shown in Figure 3. The Chapter Review section then gives you instructions about how to study and review what you just read.

They average just over 20 pages for the Foundation Topics. By keeping the size reasonable, you can complete all of a chapter in one or two short study sessions. Go into each study session that begins a new chapter thinking that you have a chance to complete the chapter, or at least make a great start on it.

The Chapter Review tasks are very important to your exam-day success. Do not put off using these tasks until later! The chapter-ending review tasks help you with the first phase of deepening your knowledge and skills of the key topics, remembering terms, and linking the concepts together in your brain so that you can remember how it all fits together.

Plan time to do the Part Review task at the end of each part, using the Part Review elements found at the end of each Part. You should expect to spend about as much time on one Part Review as you would on one entire chapter, or maybe a little more for some parts. So in terms of planning your time, think of the Part Review itself as another chapter. Figure 4 lists the names of the parts in this book, with some color coding.

Each part ends with a Part Review section of 2 to 4 pages, with notes about what tools and activi- ties to use.

Chapter Review tasks tend to provide a lot of context, so you can focus on mentally adding a specific piece of knowledge, or practicing a specific skill. Part Review activities instead remove a lot of the context, more like real life and the real exams. Removing that context means that you have to exercise your own knowledge and skills. The result: You uncover your weaknesses. The better you become at uncovering weaknesses, and then learning what you are missing in that area, the better prepared you will be for the exam.

Plan a break, some family time, some time out exercising, eating some good food, whatever helps you get refreshed and motivated for the next part. First, it helps you further develop the analytical skills you need to answer the more complicated questions on the exam. Many questions require that you connect ideas about concepts, configuration, verification, and troubleshooting.

This final element gives you repetition with high-challenge exam questions, uncovering any gaps in your knowledge. Many of the questions are purposefully designed to test your knowledge of the most common mistakes and misconceptions, helping you avoid some of the common pitfalls people experience with the actual exam.

Before you start reading the book and doing the rest of these study tasks, take the time to make a plan, set some goals, and be ready to track your progress. While making lists of tasks may or may not appeal to you, depending on your personality, goal setting can help everyone studying for these exams. And to do the goal setting, you need to know what tasks you plan to do. Your Study Plan 7 As for the list of tasks to do when studying, you do not have to use a detailed task list.

However, listing the major tasks can be enough. And, of course, do not forget to list tasks for Part Reviews and Final Review. Table 1 shows a sample for Part I of this book. This spreadsheet allows you to update and save the file to note your goal dates and the tasks you have completed. Use your goal dates as a way to manage your study, and not as a way to get discouraged if you miss a date. Pick reasonable dates that you can meet. Then, when you finish a task sooner than planned, move up the next few goal dates.

If you miss a few dates, do not start skipping the tasks listed at the ends of the chapters! Instead, think about what is impacting your schedule—real life, commitment, and so on— and either adjust your goals or work a little harder on your study. Things to Do Before Starting the First Chapter Now that you understand the big ideas behind a good study plan for the book, take a few more minutes for a few overhead actions that will help. Before leaving this section, look at some other tasks you should do either now, or around the time you are reading the first few chapters, to help make a good start in the book.

Some activities also rely on the PCPT testing software. Also, spin the DVD, and find the review apps there. Both methods orga- nize the review activities by chapter and by part.

Note that this book includes the traditional methods of review as well, with instructions in the book, and matching PDF appendixes in some cases. For instance, all the subnetting exercises can be done in an app, but those same exercises exist in DVD-only appendixes— you choose which works better for you.

You do not have to make this choice today, but you can be mulling the decision while you study. Which should you use? Otherwise, in my opinion, you would be better off taking the two-exam path. First, there is no cost savings for most people with the one-exam path. Or, assume that you fail each exam once: again, the costs are identical. Next, consider the number of topics. So, both paths require learning the same content. It is just harder to prepare for an exam that covers more material, so the two-exam path gain has an advantage.

Finally, the most compelling reason for the two-exam path is that you probably have no experience with Cisco exams yet. I hope you have a chance to pass many Cisco exams dur- ing your career. The two-exam path gets you to that first exam attempt sooner, and the exam experience teaches you things about the exam and yourself that no study tool can teach you.

Thankfully, you do not have to decide now. At that point, you can make a better decision about which path works better for you. The only question is when to read each part of the two books. The first option is pretty obvious, but the second one is less obvious. However, for those of you with a large amount of experience already, this alternate reading plan may work well. You can do these tasks now or do them in your spare moments when you need a study break during the first few chapters of the book.

But do these early. That way, if you do stumble upon an installation problem, you have time to work through it before you need a particular tool. Register for free , join the groups, and set up an email filter to redirect the messages to a separate folder.

Even if you do not spend time reading all the posts yet, later, when you have time to read, you can browse through the posts to find interesting topics or just search the posts from the CLN website. Also find my blog site as listed in the Introduction, and bookmark the pages that list the config labs, to have those handy for later study.

Getting Started: Now Now dive in to your first of many short, manageable tasks: reading the relatively short Chapter 1. While learning those concepts, it helps to keep things as simple as possible. One way this book has kept the discussion simpler so far was to show examples that use one mask only inside a single Class A, B, or C network.

This chapter removes that restriction by introducing variable-length subnet masks VLSM. VLSM simply means that the subnet design uses more than one mask in the same classful network.

VLSM has some advantages and disadvantages, but when learning, the main chal- lenge is that a subnetting design that uses VLSM requires more math, and it requires that you think about some other issues as well. This chapter walks you through the concepts, the issues, and the math. Which of the following routing protocols support VLSM? Choose three answers. RIPv1 b. RIPv2 c. EIGRP d. What does the acronym VLSM stand for?

Variable-length subnet mask b. Very long subnet mask c. Vociferous longitudinal subnet mask d. Vector-length subnet mask e. Vector loop subnet mask 3. Which of the following subnets, when configured on another interface on R1, would not be considered an overlapping VLSM subnet? R4 has a connected route for Which of the following answers lists a subnet that overlaps with this subnet?

A design already includes subnets All subnets are of Class A network However, Class A network In that case, the design does not use VLSM. VLSM provides many benefits for real networks, mainly related to how you allocate and use your IP address space. Because a mask defines the size of the subnet the number of host addresses in the subnet , VLSM allows engineers to better match the need for addresses with the size of the subnet.

For example, for subnets that need fewer addresses, the engineer uses a mask with fewer host bits, so the subnet has fewer host IP addresses.

This flexibility reduces the number of wasted IP addresses in each subnet. By wasting fewer addresses, more space remains to allocate more subnets. VLSM can be helpful for both public and private IP addresses, but the benefits are more dramatic with public networks. With public networks, the address savings help engineers avoid having to obtain another registered IP network number from regional IP address assignment authorities.

With private networks, as defined in RFC , running out of addresses is not as big a negative, because you can always grab another private network from RFC if you run out. To support VLSM, the routing protocol must advertise the mask along with each subnet. Without mask information, the router receiving the update would be confused. Is that subnet The dotted-decimal number To effectively support VLSM, the routing protocol needs to advertise the correct mask along with each subnet so that the receiving router knows the exact subnet that is being advertised.

By definition, classless routing protocols advertise the mask with each advertised route, and classful routing protocols do not. The classless routing protocols, as noted in Table , are the newer, more advanced routing protocols. Not only do these more advanced classless routing protocols support VLSM, but they also support manual route summariza- tion, which allows a routing protocol to advertise one route for a larger subnet instead of multiple routes for smaller subnets.

There is no command to enable or disable the fact that classless routing protocols include the mask with each route.

The only configuration choice you must make is to use a classless routing protocol. From a configuration perspective, VLSM is simply a side effect of using the ip address interface subcommand. Routers collectively configure VLSM by virtue of having IP addresses in the same classful network but with different masks.

For example, Example shows two of the interfaces from router Yosemite from Figure This command lists routes in groups, by classful network, so that you see all the subnets of a single Class A, B, or C network all in a row. Legend omitted for brevity So ends the discussion of VLSM as an end to itself. This chapter is devoted to VLSM, but it took a mere three to four pages to fully describe it. Why the entire VLSM chapter? To do these same tasks on the exam requires skill and practice.

As a result, hosts in different locations can be assigned the same IP address. Routers clearly cannot route packets correctly in these cases. In short, a design that uses overlapping subnets is considered to be an incorrect design and should not be used. It then gets into an operational and troubleshooting approach to the topic, by looking at existing designs and trying to find any existing overlaps.

For example, consider a subnet plan for Class B network If you use the math and processes to find all subnet IDs per Chapter 21, all those subnet IDs happen to have binary 0s in the host fields. To begin, you would decide that you need some subnets with one mask, other subnets with another mask, and so on, to meet the requirements for different sizes of different subnets.

You might develop then a planning diagram, or at least draw the ideas, with something like Figure As soon as you choose to use one subnet from any column, you remove some subnets from the other lists because subnets cannot over- lap. Overlapping subnets are subnets whose range of addresses include some of the same addresses. However, it shows a check mark beside two subnets that have been allocated for use; that is, on paper, the person making the subnetting plan has decided to use these two subnets somewhere in the network.

The subnets with a dark gray shading and an X in them can no longer be used because they have some overlapping addresses with the subnets that have check marks That subnet includes addresses from the subnet ID of As you can see just by looking at the subnet IDs to the right, all the sub- nets referenced with the arrowed lines are within that same range of addresses. Now look to the upper right of the figure, to subnet The subnet has a range of That sub- net overlaps with the two subnets referenced to the left.

For instance, subnet But because there is some overlap, once the design has allocated the If overlapping subnets are implemented, routing problems occur and some hosts simply cannot communicate outside their subnets. These address overlaps are easier to see when not using VLSM. With VLSM, overlapped subnets may not have the same subnet ID, as was the case in this most recent example with the subnets across the top of Figure To find these overlaps, you have to look at the entire range of addresses in each subnet, from subnet ID to subnet broadcast address, and compare the range to the other subnets in the design.

Chapter-ending Exam Preparation Tasks help you drill on key concepts you must know thoroughly. A final preparation chapter guides you through tools and resources to help you craft your final study plan. Special troubleshooting sections help you master the complex scenarios you will face on the exam. The assessment engine offers you a wealth of customization options and reporting features, laying out a complete assessment of your knowledge to help you focus your study where it is needed most.

This new edition also includes a free copy of the CCNA ICND1 Network Simulator, Lite Edition, complete with meaningful lab exercises, which help you hone your hands-on skills with the Cisco user interface for routers and switches.

The DVD also contains more than 60 minutes of personal video mentoring from the author focused on subnetting. Well-regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, and challenging review questions and exercises, this official study guide helps you master the concepts and techniques that will enable you to succeed on the exam the first time.

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